Supervised high-load resistance training for improving muscle strength and quality in prediabetic older adults: A pilot randomized controlled trial

Objective: To investigate the effects of high- and low-load supervised, volume-matched resistance training (RT) on body composition, muscle function, and functional capacity in older adults with prediabetes. Methods: Older adults with prediabetes were recruited and randomly assigned to high-load RT (n = 13), low-load RT (n = 12), or control groups (n = 12). Results: No significant differences were observed in body composition at postintervention. High-load and low-load RT groups exhibited significant improvements in functional tests at postintervention compared with the control group. The high-load RT group exhibited a greater improvement in muscle strength and muscle quality at postintervention compared with the low-load RT group. Conclusion: Supervised RT is useful in the prevention of muscle functional loss in older adults with prediabetes. High-load RT is superior for enhancing muscle strength and muscle quality, despite a similar increase in functional capacity.