Rapid-prototyping designs for the three-power-source hybrid electric scooter with a fuzzy-control energy management

This study mainly develops a hardware-in-the-loop (HIL) platform for a hybrid electric scooter (HES). The fuzzy control strategy is utilized for the energy management among three power sources. A low-order scooter dynamics is constructed including subsystems such as the spark-ignition engine, high-power traction motor, integrated starter-generator (ISG), high-power battery module, transmission, longitudinal vehicle dynamics, etc. For energy management of three power sources, the 73-rule fuzzy control is designed and compared to the traditional rule-based control. Three inputs are the battery state-of-charge (SOC), required torque and engine speed. Three outputs are torque commands for the engine, the motor, and the ISG. The system model and the energy management system are integrated for off-line simulation then. The verified models of control strategy and the vehicle dynamics are downloaded to two real-time simulators for the close-loop control with A/D D/A interface. Simulation results show that the vehicle model details the dynamics of key components, while the energy consumptions of these two control modes are nearly 170kJ under ECE40 driving cycle. This HIL platform can be used for rapid prototyping for vehicle control unit (VCU) designs of HES. The general vehicle model can be extended to various power-level hybrid vehicles with three power sources.