Orbital control on the thermocline structure during the past 568 kyr in the Solomon Sea, southwest equatorial pacific

The Solomon Sea is the main source of the equatorial undercurrent and the main crossroad of the equatorial region and the South Pacific Ocean. Based on multi-species planktonic foraminiferal geochemical proxies, here we reconstruct the vertical thermal-hydrological variabilities over the last 568,000 years in the Solomon Sea. The proxies used include the differences between δ¹⁸O data of the surface dweller Globigerinoides ruber (white) and the subsurface dweller Pulleniatina obliquiloculata (Δδ¹⁸O_c), the sea surface temperature (SST) and the upper thermocline temperature (UTT) as well as their differences (ΔT), and the seawater oxygen isotope differences (Δδ¹⁸O_w). Both the SST and UTT records feature similar timing of warming, which is 2–4 kyr earlier than the G/IG boundaries for the past six terminations. Different from the other five terminations, both SST and UTT records of Termination V show a persistent and early increase of 5–7 °C in 10 kyr since ∼440 ka. On the obliquity band, higher SST and UTT correspond to larger obliquity, suggesting higher subtropical South Pacific input. This argument is supported by lower ΔT and higher Δδ¹⁸O_w. In the meantime, higher SST and UTT also correspond to precession minimum, suggesting an expansion of the mixed layer with lower ΔT and greater Δδ¹⁸O_w. Our results show complex interactions between precipitation-evaporation and water masses exchange in the Solomon Sea. The clear obliquity signal observed in multiple proxies reveals strong interactions between the Solomon Sea and the mid-high latitude South Pacific regions.