Optimal energy management of a hybrid electric powertrain system using improved particle swarm optimization

Engineering

• Minimization 100%
• Fitness Function 100%
• Stopping Rule 50%
• Control Unit 50%
• Energy Management System 50%
• Power Distribution 50%
• Spark Ignition Engine 50%
• Rule-Based Control 50%
• Simulators 50%
• Driver Model 50%
• State of Charge 50%
• Real Vehicle 50%
• Motor Engine 50%
• Memorization 50%

INIS

• spark ignition engines 45%
• energy management systems 45%