@article{5f36666bed5b4dc39ba05e5e03c82248,
title = "Investigation of the Number of Tests Required for Assaying Plasma Biomarkers Associated with Alzheimer{\textquoteright}s Disease Using Immunomagnetic Reduction",
abstract = "Introduction: Concentrations of plasma biomarkers associated with Alzheimer{\textquoteright}s disease have been reported to be as low as several tens of picograms/milliliter (pg/ml). However, in assays measuring these biomarkers, it is likely that repeated measurements are necessary to obtain reliable values. Methods: We performed assays as a single test or as duplicate, quadruplicate, fivefold and tenfold repeated tests, on samples spiked with different concentrations of amyloid β 1–40 (Aβ1–40; 1–1000 pg/ml), Aβ1–42 (1–30,000 pg/ml) and total Tau protein (T-Tau; 0.1–1000 pg/ml), with the aim to to calculate the coefficients of variation (CVs). Results: The results demonstrated common changes in the CVs with changes in the number of tests for a given sample: the CVs decreased with increases in the number of tests from one to ten. All CV values were distributed within the range of 0.35 to 15.5%; as such, the CV values were all lower than the acceptable value of 20%. Conclusion: Based on this study, a single assay of Aβ1–40, Aβ1–42 and T-Tau, respectively, provides reliable results in terms of the measurement of that plasma biomarker.",
keywords = "Alzheimer{\textquoteright}s disease, Immunomagnetic reduction, Plasma biomarkers",
author = "Liu, {Huei Chun} and Chen, {Hsin Hsien} and Ho, {Chia Shin} and Chang, {Jui Feng} and Lin, {Chia Chun} and Chiu, {Ming Jang} and Chen, {Ta Fu} and Hu, {Chaur Jong} and Yan, {Sui Hing} and Yu Sun and Yang, {Shieh Yueh}",
note = "Funding Information: The authors thank MagQu Co., Ltd., for providing the IMR reagents for this study. No funding or sponsorship was received for this study or publication of this article. The Rapid Service Fee was funded by the MagQu Co., Ltd. Prism version 6 software (Graphpad Software Inc., San Diego, CA, USA) was used to calculate the mean, SD, Spearman correlation coefficent and t tests of the continuous variables. All of the named authors take responsibility for the integrity of the work as a whole and have given their approval for this version to be published. Huei-Chun Liu, Chia-Chun Lin and Shieh-Yueh Yang designed the study. Huei-Chun Liu and Shieh-Yueh Yang performed the statistical analysis. Shieh-Yueh Yang prepared the manuscript. Hsin-Hsien Chen and Ming-Jang Chiu performed the IMR measurements. Ming-Jang Chiu analyzed the MRI data. Chia-Shin Ho and Jui-Feng Chang prepared the IMR reagents. Ming-Jang Chiu, Ta-Fu Chen, Chaur-Jong Hu, Sui-Hing Yan and Yu Sun enrolled the subjects and performed the neurological tests for the participants. Huei-Chun Liu, Hsin-Hsien Chen, Chia-Shin Ho, Jui-Feng Chang, Chia-Chun Lin and Shieh-Yueh Yang are employees of MagQu Co., Ltd. Ming-Jang Chiu, Ta-Fu Chen, Chaur-Jong Hu, Sui-Hing Yan and Yu Sun have nothing to disclose. All of the subjects and/or their primary caregivers provided written informed consent prior to their participation in this investigation. This study was approved by the ethics committees and institute review boards of the involved hospitals (National Taiwan University Hospital: 201406125DS; En Chu Kong Hospital: 1040102; Renai Branch of Taipei City Hospital: 1031203; Taipei Medical University Shuang-Ho Hospital: 201408011) and was conducted in accordance with the Helsinki Declaration of 1964 and its later amendments. All of the data generated during and/or analyzed during the current study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request. Funding Information: No funding or sponsorship was received for this study or publication of this article. The Rapid Service Fee was funded by the MagQu Co., Ltd. Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2021, The Author(s).",
year = "2021",
month = dec,
doi = "10.1007/s40120-021-00280-1",
language = "English",
volume = "10",
pages = "1015--1028",
journal = "Neurology and Therapy",
issn = "2193-8253",
publisher = "Springer Healthcare",
number = "2",
}