@article{8dbef3f0ea194c28b51ee7a0a2d460d8,
title = "Improving the frame design of computer simulations for learning: Determining the primacy of the isolated elements or the transient information effects",
abstract = "Abstract Computer simulations were used to teach students basic concepts associated with correlation. Half of the students were presented information in a sequential series of single frames in which each frame replaced the preceding frame while the other half were presented the information in simultaneous multiple frames in which each frame was added to the previous frames without replacement. It was hypothesized that if the isolated elements effect occurs, the single-frame condition should be superior. Alternatively, if the transient information effect dominates, the multiple-frame condition should be superior. Results confirmed the superiority of the single-frame presentation. Eye-tracking indicated that participants who learned with single frames paid more attention to the important representations than participants who learned with multiple frames.",
keywords = "Applications in subject areas, Pedagogical issues, Simulation",
author = "Lin, {Yi Chun} and Liu, {Tzu Chien} and John Sweller",
note = "Funding Information: The authors would like to thank the kind assistance and helpful comments of the editor of Computers & Education and the anonymous reviewers of this paper. Moreover, we would like to thank the Ministry of Science and Technology, Taiwan , R.O.C. for financially supporting this research under Grant no. MOST 101-2511-S-003 -061 -MY3 and MOST 103-2511-S-003 -058 -MY3 . Finally, we would like to thank the support of the “Aim for the Top University Project” of National Taiwan Normal University (NTNU), sponsored by the Ministry of Education, Taiwan, R.O.C. and the “International Research-Intensive Center of Excellence Program” of NTNU and Ministry of Science and Technology, Taiwan, R.O.C. under Grant no. MOST 104-2911-I-003-301. Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2015 Elsevier Ltd.",
year = "2015",
month = jul,
day = "6",
doi = "10.1016/j.compedu.2015.06.001",
language = "English",
volume = "88",
pages = "280--291",
journal = "Computers and Education",
issn = "0360-1315",
publisher = "Elsevier Limited",
}