HIV and HCV serostatus and knowledge among patients in urban versus rural methadone maintenance clinics in Kunming

The purpose of this study was to document the prevalence of Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) and Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) among urban and rural methadone maintenance treatment (MMT) patients and to examine differences in knowledge of HIV and HCV among this population. We compared 147 MMT patients attending urban versus rural clinics in Kunming, Yunnan, China, concerning their serostatus and knowledge of HIV and HCV. The rates of HIV and HCV seropositive status were higher among rural patients. Both urban and rural patients showed limited HIV and HCV knowledge. Recent opioid injection and geographic area were strong predictors of HIV and HCV serostatus. The lack of knowledge of HIV and HCV among both urban and rural MMT patients suggests the need to strengthen current HIV and HCV education programs in MMT clinics. In addition, prevention programs should take into consideration geographic characteristics of the target population.