@article{15347cd9799c4e8fb27258570ea13fd8,
title = "Evidences of defect contribution in magnetically ordered Sm-implanted GaN",
abstract = "Samarium (Sm) ions of 200 keV in energy were implanted into highly-resistive molecular-beam-epitaxy grown GaN thin films with a focused-ion-beam implanter at room temperature. The implantation doses range between 1014 and 1016 cm-2. X-ray diffraction revealed Sm incorporation into GaN matrix without secondary phase. Raman-scattering spectroscopy identified impurity-independent defect-related oscillation modes. Slight decrease in band gap and significant reduction in transmittance were observed by optical transmission spectroscopy. Photoluminescence spectra showed emission peaks related to background p-type impurity. Ferromagnetic hysteresis loops were recorded from GaN implanted with highest Sm dose, and magnetic ordering was observed from Sm-implanted GaN with dose of and above 1015 cm-2. The long-range magnetic ordering can be attributed to interaction of Sm ions through the implantation-induced Ga vacancy.",
keywords = "Implantation-induced Ga vacancy, Long-range magnetic ordering, Room-temperature ferromagnetism, Sm-implanted GaN",
author = "Lo, {Fang Yuh} and Guo, {Jhong Yu} and Huang, {Cheng De} and Chou, {Kai Chieh} and Liu, {Hsiang Lin} and Verena Ney and Andreas Ney and Chern, {Ming Yau} and Stepan Shvarkov and Dirk Reuter and Wieck, {Andreas D.} and S{\'e}bastien Pezzagna and Jean Massies",
note = "Funding Information: The work in Taiwan was supported by the National Science Council of Taiwan by the grants: NSC 98-2112-M-003-007-MY3 , NSC 100-2112-M-003-007-MY3 , and NSC 101-2112-M-003-003 . We also thank Dr. Min Kai Lee at NSC Instrument Center at NCKU for the help with SQUID measurements. The work in Germany was supported by the Deutsche Froschungsgemeinschaft in the framework of the Sonderforschungsbereich 491 and the Priority Program SPP 1285, the Universit{\'e} Franco-Allemande (DFH/UFA) within the CDFA-05-06, and the European Union under the Marie-Curie Excellence grant no. MEXT-CT-2004-01495 of the sixth Framework Programme.",
year = "2014",
month = mar,
day = "14",
doi = "10.1016/j.cap.2013.11.051",
language = "English",
volume = "14",
pages = "S7--S11",
journal = "Current Applied Physics",
issn = "1567-1739",
publisher = "Elsevier BV",
number = "SUPPL. 1",
}