Embracing complexity: Using technology to develop a lifelong learning model for non-working time in the interdependent homes for adults with autism spectrum disorders

The purpose of this study was to employ complexity theory as a theoretical framework and technology to facilitate the development of a life-long learning model for non-working time in the interdependent homes for adults with Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD). A "Shining Star Sustainable Action Project" of the ROC Foundation for Autistic Children and Adults in Taiwan (FACT) was selected as the research target, and the staff of the FACT, the medical team of the Hualian Yuli Veteran Hospital, adults with autism and their families were interviewed, observed and analyzed to develop this model during four short-stays of the project from July 2009 to December 2010. Participant field observation and informal conversations were employed and qualitative data were analyzed by using the constant comparison method through application of QSR Nvivo 9. The results showed that dynamic interaction, mutual adaptation, self-organization and co-evolution are four key elements for developing a viable life-long learning model for non-working time in the interdependent homes for adults with ASD to adapt to the impact of an aging society, to improve the quality of medical services, and to enhance the quality of life for the medical teams, patients and their families. The present study also found that the model help medical teams to avoid burnout by learning leisure skills and relaxation techniques, ways to release stress and how to enhance life-long learning for themselves and caregivers/patients' families.