Contact-induced structure transformation in transmembrane prion propagation

Based on recent experimental evidences of the transmission of prion diseases due to a particular transmembrane form (termed ^CtmPrP), we propose a theoretical model for the molecular mechanism of such conformational diseases, in which a misfolded ^CtmPrP induces a similar misfolding of another ^CtmPrP. Computer simulations are performed to investigate the correlation between folding time and the concentration of misfolded PrP in various processes, including dimerization, trimerization, and cooperative dimerization. By comparing with the experimental correlation curve between incubation time and injected dose of scrapie prions, we conclude that cooperative dimerization may play an important role in the pathological mechanism of prion diseases.