抽菸對大學生運動表現與心率變異性的影響

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of cigarette smoking on heart rate variability (HRV), repeated sprint performance and maximum aerobic capacity in male college students. Thirty-one habitual smokers (S) and ninety-nine non-smokers (NS) completed this randomized experimental design. Prior to experiment, all participants were familiarized to the exercise protocol with a repeated high-intensity sprint test (RST) and a 20-m shuttle test (ST). RST test consists of 6 × 10-s sprints with 60-s active recovery between each sprint, and ST is a 20-m shuttle run according to the tempo of the music as indicating maximum aerobic capacity. The HRV parameters were recorded in supine position for 20-min prior and 30-min following the RST test. The peak power, mean power, total work, heart rate and rate of perceived exertion (RPE) were taken during the RST on a cycle ergometer. Results showed no significant differences on peak power, mean power, total work, heart rate and RPE between S and NS groups. However, maximal oxygen uptake was significantly lower and blood pressure was significantly higher in S group than in NS group. Furthermore, the root mean square successive difference (RMSSD), proportion of differences of adjacent R-R interval ＞ 50 ms (pNN50), high frequency (HF), and natural logarithm of the high frequency (lnHF) were significantly higher in S group compared to NS group. We concluded that cigarette smoking may impair maximum aerobic capacity and increase blood pressure at the post-exercise, but the anaerobic capacity is not altered. Moreover, cigarette smoking increases vagal drive after RST that may be due to increased parasympathetic modulation during post-exercise recovery.