健康飲食指標評估臺灣北部地區青少年飲食品質與生長發育之關係

Objectives: The aims of study are to estimate dietary quality of adolescents, and to examine the correlations between dietary quality, nutrient intakes and anthropometric measurements. Methods: Total 124 adolescents in north Taiwan participated in our prospective cohort studies and provided 257 questionnaires including 2 day 24-hour dietary recalls from 11 to 15 years old. We constructed three dietary quality indices based on current Taiwan dietary guidelines. In this study, we used Taiwan dietary diversity score-modified (DDS-M), Taiwan Healthy Food Diversity index-modified (HFD-M) and Taiwan Healthy Eating Index-modified (HEI-M) to examine dietary diversity, dietary variety and overall dietary performance for adolescents. Results: The means and standard deviations were 4.36 ± 0.72 for DDS-M, 0.46 ± 0.06 for HFD-M and 51.30 ± 6.21 for HEI-M, respectively. The scores of dietary quality declined significantly for adolescents from 11 to 15 years old (for trend < 0.05). We found that all three dietary quality scores had significantly positive correlations (=0.18-0.65, < 0.05) with most nutrient intakes and nutrient adequacy ratio scores. Moreover, dietary quality score had a significantly positive correlation (=0.24-0.31, < 0.05) with the annual height velocity. Conclusion: The high dietary quality and adequate nutrient intakes promote the growth of height for adolescents in north Taiwan. The dietary quality for Taiwanese teenagers was not worse compared to the other countries. However, the decline of dietary quality with age should be considered as an important public health nutrition issue.