運動休閒服務業主管前瞻性人格對部屬效能的影響：行動者－夥伴相互依賴模式的觀點

To cope with rapidly changing environments, substantially equipped employees who are willing and able to take on a broader role actively are imperative to organizations. Hence, ground on a theoretical perspective, the present study aims to extend the boundaries of proactive personality by examining the dynamic interaction of a dyadic relationship between employees and their supervisors in sporting and leisure related industries by a longitudinal design with a 2-year period through the Actor-Partner Interdependence Model. In the 1st year, this study employed a longitudinal design with a two-month interval and examined the relationships of proactive personality and job-related variables on 21 supervisors and 37 subordinates. Results confirmed that the directional effects existed between proactive personality and job-related variables. In the 2nd year, this study used a longitudinal design with a six-month interval and examined the relationships of proactive personality and job-related variables and the moderated effect of perceived organizational support on the relation between proactive personality and job-related variables on 58 supervisors and 236 subordinates. Results indicated that perceived organizational support would moderate the relationships between proactive personality and role breadth self-efficacy and job performance for both supervisors and subordinates, and the relationships between proactive personality and initiative taking and job satisfaction for supervisors only. There were actor effects existed on the relationships between proactive personality and role breadth self-efficacy and job satisfaction for both supervisors and subordinates, and between proactive personality and initiative taking and job performance for subordinates only. In other words, an individual’s proactive personality would influence his/her work outcomes. There were partner effects existed on the relationships between proactive personality and job satisfaction for both supervisors and subordinates, which means supervisors’ proactive personality would influence their subordinates’ job satisfaction, and vice versa. Part of the results in this study has been published in the international academic journal.