Validation of Phase Angle Cutoff Values Derived From Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis for Sarcopenia Screening in Community-Dwelling Older Korean Adults

Ting Fu Lai; Jong Hwan Park; Du Ri Kim; Jiaren Chen; Myung Jun Shin; Eunsoo Moon; Jung Mo Kang; Jong Won Lee; Yoon Jae Cho; Yung Liao; Tae Sik Goh; Jung Sub Lee

doi:10.1016/j.jamda.2025.105798

Validation of Phase Angle Cutoff Values Derived From Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis for Sarcopenia Screening in Community-Dwelling Older Korean Adults

Ting Fu Lai
, Jong Hwan Park
, Du Ri Kim
, Jiaren Chen
, Myung Jun Shin
, Eunsoo Moon
, Jung Mo Kang
, Jong Won Lee
, Yoon Jae Cho
, Yung Liao
, Tae Sik Goh
, Jung Sub Lee^*

^*Corresponding author for this work

Graduate Institute of Sport, Leisure and Hospitality Management

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

Abstract

Objectives Sarcopenia, characterized by progressive loss of skeletal muscle mass and function, poses a significant risk to the aging population. This study aimed to validate the efficacy of phase angle (PhA) derived from bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) as a screening tool for sarcopenia in community-dwelling middle-aged and older Korean adults. Design The study employed a cross-sectional design to assess the association between PhA and sarcopenia. Setting and Participants The study was conducted in Busan, South Korea, and included 699 community-dwelling participants aged 50 years and older using a purposive sampling method. Methods Sarcopenia was classified based on the Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia 2019 criteria. Participants completed the SARC-F questionnaire, a self-assessment tool for sarcopenia risk. BIA was used to measure PhA, a parameter reflecting body composition. Statistical analyses, including analysis of variance, χ² tests, and receiver operating characteristic curve analysis, were used to compare PhA values between groups and determine optimal cutoff points. Results Among 699 participants (78.5% female, mean age 75.7 years), 97 had sarcopenia and 77 had severe sarcopenia. Mean PhA values were lower in those with sarcopenia (men: 5.1, women: 4.6) and severe sarcopenia (men: 4.8, women: 4.3) compared with those without (men: 6.0, women: 5.2). PhA demonstrated superior screening capability for sarcopenia compared with SARC-F scores in both men and women. Optimal PhA cutoff values for detecting severe sarcopenia were 5.35 for men [area under the curve (AUC): 0.767] and 4.75 for women (AUC: 0.816), indicating strong potential for clinical application. Conclusions and Implications The established PhA cutoff values can be integrated into routine health assessments, enabling early detection and targeted interventions that could improve the quality of life of this population.

Original language	English
Article number	105798
Journal	Journal of the American Medical Directors Association
Volume	26
Issue number	12
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jamda.2025.105798
Publication status	Published - 2025 Dec

Keywords

community screening
Early detection
older adults
phase angle
sarcopenia screening

ASJC Scopus subject areas

General Nursing
Health Policy
Geriatrics and Gerontology

UN SDGs

This output contributes to the following UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)

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10.1016/j.jamda.2025.105798

Cite this

Lai, T. F., Park, J. H., Kim, D. R., Chen, J., Shin, M. J., Moon, E., Kang, J. M., Lee, J. W., Cho, Y. J., Liao, Y., Goh, T. S., & Lee, J. S. (2025). Validation of Phase Angle Cutoff Values Derived From Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis for Sarcopenia Screening in Community-Dwelling Older Korean Adults. Journal of the American Medical Directors Association, 26(12), Article 105798. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jamda.2025.105798

Lai, TF, Park, JH, Kim, DR, Chen, J, Shin, MJ, Moon, E, Kang, JM, Lee, JW, Cho, YJ, Liao, Y, Goh, TS & Lee, JS 2025, 'Validation of Phase Angle Cutoff Values Derived From Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis for Sarcopenia Screening in Community-Dwelling Older Korean Adults', Journal of the American Medical Directors Association, vol. 26, no. 12, 105798. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jamda.2025.105798

@article{b882216f81e5494ab8db3cccb3fe647c,

title = "Validation of Phase Angle Cutoff Values Derived From Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis for Sarcopenia Screening in Community-Dwelling Older Korean Adults",

abstract = "Objectives Sarcopenia, characterized by progressive loss of skeletal muscle mass and function, poses a significant risk to the aging population. This study aimed to validate the efficacy of phase angle (PhA) derived from bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) as a screening tool for sarcopenia in community-dwelling middle-aged and older Korean adults. Design The study employed a cross-sectional design to assess the association between PhA and sarcopenia. Setting and Participants The study was conducted in Busan, South Korea, and included 699 community-dwelling participants aged 50 years and older using a purposive sampling method. Methods Sarcopenia was classified based on the Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia 2019 criteria. Participants completed the SARC-F questionnaire, a self-assessment tool for sarcopenia risk. BIA was used to measure PhA, a parameter reflecting body composition. Statistical analyses, including analysis of variance, χ2 tests, and receiver operating characteristic curve analysis, were used to compare PhA values between groups and determine optimal cutoff points. Results Among 699 participants (78.5\% female, mean age 75.7 years), 97 had sarcopenia and 77 had severe sarcopenia. Mean PhA values were lower in those with sarcopenia (men: 5.1, women: 4.6) and severe sarcopenia (men: 4.8, women: 4.3) compared with those without (men: 6.0, women: 5.2). PhA demonstrated superior screening capability for sarcopenia compared with SARC-F scores in both men and women. Optimal PhA cutoff values for detecting severe sarcopenia were 5.35 for men [area under the curve (AUC): 0.767] and 4.75 for women (AUC: 0.816), indicating strong potential for clinical application. Conclusions and Implications The established PhA cutoff values can be integrated into routine health assessments, enabling early detection and targeted interventions that could improve the quality of life of this population.",

keywords = "community screening, Early detection, older adults, phase angle, sarcopenia screening",

author = "Lai, \{Ting Fu\} and Park, \{Jong Hwan\} and Kim, \{Du Ri\} and Jiaren Chen and Shin, \{Myung Jun\} and Eunsoo Moon and Kang, \{Jung Mo\} and Lee, \{Jong Won\} and Cho, \{Yoon Jae\} and Yung Liao and Goh, \{Tae Sik\} and Lee, \{Jung Sub\}",

note = "Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2025 Post-Acute and Long-Term Care Medical Association.",

year = "2025",

month = dec,

doi = "10.1016/j.jamda.2025.105798",

language = "English",

volume = "26",

journal = "Journal of the American Medical Directors Association",

issn = "1525-8610",

publisher = "Elsevier Inc.",

number = "12",

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TY - JOUR

T1 - Validation of Phase Angle Cutoff Values Derived From Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis for Sarcopenia Screening in Community-Dwelling Older Korean Adults

AU - Lai, Ting Fu

AU - Park, Jong Hwan

AU - Kim, Du Ri

AU - Chen, Jiaren

AU - Shin, Myung Jun

AU - Moon, Eunsoo

AU - Kang, Jung Mo

AU - Lee, Jong Won

AU - Cho, Yoon Jae

AU - Liao, Yung

AU - Goh, Tae Sik

AU - Lee, Jung Sub

PY - 2025/12

Y1 - 2025/12

N2 - Objectives Sarcopenia, characterized by progressive loss of skeletal muscle mass and function, poses a significant risk to the aging population. This study aimed to validate the efficacy of phase angle (PhA) derived from bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) as a screening tool for sarcopenia in community-dwelling middle-aged and older Korean adults. Design The study employed a cross-sectional design to assess the association between PhA and sarcopenia. Setting and Participants The study was conducted in Busan, South Korea, and included 699 community-dwelling participants aged 50 years and older using a purposive sampling method. Methods Sarcopenia was classified based on the Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia 2019 criteria. Participants completed the SARC-F questionnaire, a self-assessment tool for sarcopenia risk. BIA was used to measure PhA, a parameter reflecting body composition. Statistical analyses, including analysis of variance, χ2 tests, and receiver operating characteristic curve analysis, were used to compare PhA values between groups and determine optimal cutoff points. Results Among 699 participants (78.5% female, mean age 75.7 years), 97 had sarcopenia and 77 had severe sarcopenia. Mean PhA values were lower in those with sarcopenia (men: 5.1, women: 4.6) and severe sarcopenia (men: 4.8, women: 4.3) compared with those without (men: 6.0, women: 5.2). PhA demonstrated superior screening capability for sarcopenia compared with SARC-F scores in both men and women. Optimal PhA cutoff values for detecting severe sarcopenia were 5.35 for men [area under the curve (AUC): 0.767] and 4.75 for women (AUC: 0.816), indicating strong potential for clinical application. Conclusions and Implications The established PhA cutoff values can be integrated into routine health assessments, enabling early detection and targeted interventions that could improve the quality of life of this population.

AB - Objectives Sarcopenia, characterized by progressive loss of skeletal muscle mass and function, poses a significant risk to the aging population. This study aimed to validate the efficacy of phase angle (PhA) derived from bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) as a screening tool for sarcopenia in community-dwelling middle-aged and older Korean adults. Design The study employed a cross-sectional design to assess the association between PhA and sarcopenia. Setting and Participants The study was conducted in Busan, South Korea, and included 699 community-dwelling participants aged 50 years and older using a purposive sampling method. Methods Sarcopenia was classified based on the Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia 2019 criteria. Participants completed the SARC-F questionnaire, a self-assessment tool for sarcopenia risk. BIA was used to measure PhA, a parameter reflecting body composition. Statistical analyses, including analysis of variance, χ2 tests, and receiver operating characteristic curve analysis, were used to compare PhA values between groups and determine optimal cutoff points. Results Among 699 participants (78.5% female, mean age 75.7 years), 97 had sarcopenia and 77 had severe sarcopenia. Mean PhA values were lower in those with sarcopenia (men: 5.1, women: 4.6) and severe sarcopenia (men: 4.8, women: 4.3) compared with those without (men: 6.0, women: 5.2). PhA demonstrated superior screening capability for sarcopenia compared with SARC-F scores in both men and women. Optimal PhA cutoff values for detecting severe sarcopenia were 5.35 for men [area under the curve (AUC): 0.767] and 4.75 for women (AUC: 0.816), indicating strong potential for clinical application. Conclusions and Implications The established PhA cutoff values can be integrated into routine health assessments, enabling early detection and targeted interventions that could improve the quality of life of this population.

KW - community screening

KW - Early detection

KW - older adults

KW - phase angle

KW - sarcopenia screening

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UR - https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/105022201218#tab=citedBy

U2 - 10.1016/j.jamda.2025.105798

DO - 10.1016/j.jamda.2025.105798

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AN - SCOPUS:105022201218

SN - 1525-8610

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JO - Journal of the American Medical Directors Association

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M1 - 105798

ER -

Validation of Phase Angle Cutoff Values Derived From Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis for Sarcopenia Screening in Community-Dwelling Older Korean Adults

Abstract

Keywords

ASJC Scopus subject areas

UN SDGs

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