Interactive effects of English proficiency and material presentation mode on english listening comprehension and cognitive load in mobile learning environment

The present study was to explore the effects of English proficiency (low vs. high) and material presentation mode (single channel vs. dual channel) on English listening comprehension and cognitive load in a mobile learning environment. The results revealed that (a) high English proficiency learners had significantly better English listening comprehension and lower intrinsic and extraneous load than low English proficiency learners; (b) both high and low English proficiency learners learning with dual channel had significantly better English listening comprehension; (c) for learners learning with single channel, low English proficiency learners had significantly higher extraneous load than high English proficiency learners; and (d) for low English proficiency learners, learners who learned with dual channel possessed significantly lower extraneous load than learners who learned with single channel.