Feedback of interface agents on student perception: Level, dialogue, and emotion

Although feedback from interface agents has recently attracted increasing research attention, most studies emphasize the cognitive influences. Thus, the effect of each feedback type on student perception remains unclear. This study focuses on three types of feedback from interface agents to clarify student perception of single feedback and combinations of feedback types. An empirical study of 45 junior college students was conducted. Results showed that students preferred the emotion feedback and disliked the level feedback when they were asked to choose one feedback type. For combinations, the combined feedback of dialogue and emotion was the most preferred among all combinations. Based on these findings, several implications for the further development of interface agents are discussed.