Extreme multiple reticulate origins of the pteris cadieri complex (pteridaceae)

Yi Shan Chao, Shi Yong Dong, Yu Chung Chiang, Ho Yih Liu*, Wen Liang Chiou

*Corresponding author for this work

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

35 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

The Pteris cadieri complex displays extensive morphological variation and seems to have originated through hybridization. However, the members of this complex reproduce by apogamy, which usually limits genetic variation. To evaluate the hypotheses of hybrid origins, the pattern of evolution in this species complex is reconstructed. Multiple methodologies were used. Diploids, triploids, and tetraploids were identified by chromosome counts and flow cytometry. Nuclear DNA markers (cytosolic phosphoglucose isomerase gene, PgiC) were used, together with chloroplast DNA markers (atpB-rbcL spacer and rbcL gene) to infer the biparental and maternal lineages of the Pteris cadieri complex. The three cpDNA haplotype groups and five PgiC alleles found in this study indicate that the evolution of the Pteris cadieri complex has been extremely reticulate. Up to 11 taxa belonging to eight morphs were identified. By comparing genetic variation in the Pteris cadieri in two independent areas, Hainan and Taiwan, we inferred that hybridization has occurred independently in different areas. Furthermore, we found evidence for phonological divergence (evergreen and deciduous) within Taiwan. We propose that the Pteris cadieri complex originated from different genetic lineages through multiple hybridizations in different geographical areas, leading to its present morphological diversity. © 2012 by the authors; licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.

Original languageEnglish
Pages (from-to)4523-4544
Number of pages22
JournalInternational journal of molecular sciences
Volume13
Issue number4
DOIs
Publication statusPublished - 2012 Apr
Externally publishedYes

Keywords

  • Apogamy
  • Flow cytometry
  • Hybridization
  • Pgic
  • Polyploidy
  • Pteris
  • Reticulate evolution
  • Species complex

ASJC Scopus subject areas

  • Catalysis
  • Molecular Biology
  • Spectroscopy
  • Computer Science Applications
  • Physical and Theoretical Chemistry
  • Organic Chemistry
  • Inorganic Chemistry

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