Developing concentric logical concepts of environmental impact assessment systems: Feng Shui concerns and beyond

This study examines areas of weakness in environmental impact assessment (ElA) systems due to uncertainty and risk. It then introduces the Oriental concepts of feng shui and wu xing to systematic interventions of fair utility and equitable allocation in response to the identified weaknesses with the goal of improving the practical implementation of EIA systems. Following this concentric logic, we developed a concept similar to the wave image of neutrons, which consists of three concentric circles: an interior circle known as the environmental element circle, a middle circle known as the integrated circle, and an exterior circle known as the academic tool circle. A legislative backup system underpins the entire theoretical framework, including regulations, follow-up assessments, and public consultation processes. This paper also examines Taiwanese efforts to promote concepts of EIA systems through dialogue between Western and Eastern science (geomancy) forums. Similar efforts can be seen in ancient Chinese, Korean, and Japanese cultures, as well as in Vaishnavism and Hinduism, which developed an understanding of the relationship between geography and physics and the balance between various components of the universe. These concepts are equally applicable today. Furthermore, we optimized an EIA methodology using a linear development process and locating system elements and tools. Finally, we attempted to complete an ideal and effective EIA system with comprehensive assessment technology.