Conducting video analysis in educational research

Recently, video analysis has been used increasingly more widely in educational research. The purpose of this article is to present how to conduct video analysis in education and discuss its potential benefits, limitations, and ethical issues. The benefits of video data include preserving detailed information of interactions, allowing repeated examination of data, and allowing multidisciplinary analyses; however, the process of video transcription and data reduction could be challenging and complicated. Therefore, this article outlines strategies and procedures for managing, selecting, and representing video data, and provides examples to show how to combine video analysis with quantitative, qualitative, and mixed-methods research. This article also introduces several technological tools for video research. Although there are potential benefits of using video analysis in educational research, researchers should also pay attention to its limitations and related ethical issues, and employ techniques such as member checking and triangulation to ensure the trustworthiness of the analysis. Finally, an effective use of video analysis could support evidence-based research and deepen current understandings of teaching and learning in complex learning environments.