TY - JOUR
T1 - Biomechanical demands of exercises commonly performed by older adults in falls prevention programs
AU - Stutzenberger, Lyndsay R.
AU - Norcross, Marc F.
AU - Pollard, Christine D.
AU - Hagen, Tory M.
AU - Mulligan, Colin M.S.
AU - Huang, Yu Lun
AU - Brown Crowell, Cathleen N.
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2022 Elsevier Ltd
PY - 2023/1
Y1 - 2023/1
N2 - Background: Tailored, challenging and progressed exercise programs addressing risk factors are recommended for preventing falls in community-dwelling older adults. Knowing the biomechanical demands of exercises commonly performed in efficacious falls prevention programs provides evidence for exercise prescription. Methods: Twenty-one non-sedentary older adults (10 men, 11 women, mean age 69 [SD 5] years) performed five standing exercises (hip abduction, side-step, squat, forward lunge, and side lunge). A biomechanical analysis of the dominant limb was performed to calculate peak joint angles and net joint moments at the ankle, knee and hip in multiple planes. Repeated-measures one-way analyses of variance followed by post-hoc comparisons were performed to identify differences in the calculated variables between exercises. Findings: Peak hip abduction moments during hip abduction were greater than during the forward lunge and squat (P < 0.001). During the side-step, peak plantar flexion moments were greater than the squat and peak hip abduction moments were greater than the squat and forward lunge (P < 0.001). During the squat, peak hip flexion was greatest (P < 0.001) while peak plantar flexion (P < 0.001) and hip abduction moments (P ≤ 0.002) were less than all other exercises. During the forward lunge, peak hip extension moments (P < 0.001) were greatest. During the side lunge, peak knee extension moments were greater than all other exercises (P < 0.001). Interpretation: These biomechanical data will allow clinicians to tailor exercises for falls prevention to efficiently challenge but not overload muscle groups and minimize exercise prescription redundancies.
AB - Background: Tailored, challenging and progressed exercise programs addressing risk factors are recommended for preventing falls in community-dwelling older adults. Knowing the biomechanical demands of exercises commonly performed in efficacious falls prevention programs provides evidence for exercise prescription. Methods: Twenty-one non-sedentary older adults (10 men, 11 women, mean age 69 [SD 5] years) performed five standing exercises (hip abduction, side-step, squat, forward lunge, and side lunge). A biomechanical analysis of the dominant limb was performed to calculate peak joint angles and net joint moments at the ankle, knee and hip in multiple planes. Repeated-measures one-way analyses of variance followed by post-hoc comparisons were performed to identify differences in the calculated variables between exercises. Findings: Peak hip abduction moments during hip abduction were greater than during the forward lunge and squat (P < 0.001). During the side-step, peak plantar flexion moments were greater than the squat and peak hip abduction moments were greater than the squat and forward lunge (P < 0.001). During the squat, peak hip flexion was greatest (P < 0.001) while peak plantar flexion (P < 0.001) and hip abduction moments (P ≤ 0.002) were less than all other exercises. During the forward lunge, peak hip extension moments (P < 0.001) were greatest. During the side lunge, peak knee extension moments were greater than all other exercises (P < 0.001). Interpretation: These biomechanical data will allow clinicians to tailor exercises for falls prevention to efficiently challenge but not overload muscle groups and minimize exercise prescription redundancies.
KW - Kinematics
KW - Kinetics
KW - Tailored exercise
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U2 - 10.1016/j.clinbiomech.2022.105863
DO - 10.1016/j.clinbiomech.2022.105863
M3 - Article
C2 - 36549050
AN - SCOPUS:85144416707
SN - 0268-0033
VL - 101
JO - Clinical Biomechanics
JF - Clinical Biomechanics
M1 - 105863
ER -