A problem of infrared electronic-toll-collection systems: The irregularity of LED radiation pattern and emitter design

Wern Yarng Shieh*, Chen Chien James Hsu, Ti Ho Wang

*Corresponding author for this work

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

15 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

According to our measurements, the radiation pattern of many low-cost commercial light-emitting diodes (LEDs) is not smooth. Some LEDs even have serious irregularities that affect the performance of infrared communication systems. For systems where a definite communication area is required, such as electronic-toll-collection (ETC) applications, this problem is particularly serious. In this paper, we first present our measured results for the radiation pattern of several typical low-cost commercial LEDs, showing that almost all of them are irregular to some extent. We then use the most acceptable model with a suitable half-intensity angle to construct the emitter of an ETC system. The design was calculated with the aid of an optimization algorithm to determine the mounting angle for each LED such that the system has an extended communication area in the longitudinal direction, i.e., in the vehicle traveling direction, and can withstand high signal attenuation. For a typical LED with half-intensity angle Φ1/2 = 13°, a very simple two-group structure for the emitter is obtained, and the analysis results are verified by experimental measurements.

Original languageEnglish
Article number5580074
Pages (from-to)152-163
Number of pages12
JournalIEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems
Volume12
Issue number1
DOIs
Publication statusPublished - 2011 Mar

Keywords

  • Dedicated short-range communication (DSRC)
  • electronic toll collection (ETC)
  • infrared communication
  • intelligent transportation system (ITS)
  • light-emitting diode (LED)
  • radiation pattern

ASJC Scopus subject areas

  • Automotive Engineering
  • Mechanical Engineering
  • Computer Science Applications

Fingerprint

Dive into the research topics of 'A problem of infrared electronic-toll-collection systems: The irregularity of LED radiation pattern and emitter design'. Together they form a unique fingerprint.

Cite this