Abstract
| Original language | Chinese |
|---|---|
| Pages (from-to) | 93-110 |
| Number of pages | 18 |
| Journal | 臺灣運動心理學報 |
| Issue number | 2 |
| Publication status | Published - 2003 |
Cite this
兒童踢球動作型式之轉移：工作限制與年齡效應. / 彭國威; 卓俊伶(Hank J. Jwo); 楊梓楣(Chih-Mei Yang).
In: 臺灣運動心理學報, No. 2, 2003, p. 93-110.Research output: Contribution to journal › Article
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TY - JOUR
T1 - 兒童踢球動作型式之轉移：工作限制與年齡效應
AU - 彭, 國威
AU - 卓, 俊伶(Hank J. Jwo)
AU - 楊, 梓楣(Chih-Mei Yang)
PY - 2003
Y1 - 2003
N2 - This study was designed to examine kicking patterns' transition of children as a function of environmental constraints and age-differences. Based on the affordance concept and dynamical systems perspective, it was hypothesized that kicking patterns could be influenced by task constraints and transitions would take place at a specific critical ball size. Participants consisted of 3 groups (5-yr-old, 8-yr-old, and 11-yr-old) each group had of 16 children. Each participant was asked to kick a stationary ball, which was scaled up in individual height with using 4 levels of constraints (height×l0%, 15%, 20%, 25%). Systematic observation using component approach was utilized for analyzing filmed kicking trials. Mixed-design two-way ANOVA, 3(age)×4(ball size) and Tukey's HSD Post Hoc test were administered for statistical analyses. Findings were(1)ages and ball sizes to leg component pattern had the main effect (p＜.05, ES=.68, .11, Power=1, .94), the component pattern of 11-yr-old was significantly higher than that of 5-yr-old, 8-yr-old; in those component patterns of no.1 and no. 2 were significantly lower than those of no.3 and no.4; there was no interaction between ages and task constraints (p＞.05, ES=.02, Power=.25), and (2) transitions appeared at the critical ball size to the different age groups: 5-yr-old group at no. 3 level; both 8-yr-old and 11-yr-old groups at no. 2 level had unstable kicking patterns. The findings showed that the ball size was a factor in changing kicking pattern, kicking pattern was influenced by ball size, which in a specific critical ball size would initiate unstable patterns, and there were age-differences in the kicking patterns.
AB - This study was designed to examine kicking patterns' transition of children as a function of environmental constraints and age-differences. Based on the affordance concept and dynamical systems perspective, it was hypothesized that kicking patterns could be influenced by task constraints and transitions would take place at a specific critical ball size. Participants consisted of 3 groups (5-yr-old, 8-yr-old, and 11-yr-old) each group had of 16 children. Each participant was asked to kick a stationary ball, which was scaled up in individual height with using 4 levels of constraints (height×l0%, 15%, 20%, 25%). Systematic observation using component approach was utilized for analyzing filmed kicking trials. Mixed-design two-way ANOVA, 3(age)×4(ball size) and Tukey's HSD Post Hoc test were administered for statistical analyses. Findings were(1)ages and ball sizes to leg component pattern had the main effect (p＜.05, ES=.68, .11, Power=1, .94), the component pattern of 11-yr-old was significantly higher than that of 5-yr-old, 8-yr-old; in those component patterns of no.1 and no. 2 were significantly lower than those of no.3 and no.4; there was no interaction between ages and task constraints (p＞.05, ES=.02, Power=.25), and (2) transitions appeared at the critical ball size to the different age groups: 5-yr-old group at no. 3 level; both 8-yr-old and 11-yr-old groups at no. 2 level had unstable kicking patterns. The findings showed that the ball size was a factor in changing kicking pattern, kicking pattern was influenced by ball size, which in a specific critical ball size would initiate unstable patterns, and there were age-differences in the kicking patterns.
KW - 踢
KW - 環境賦使
KW - 動態系統
KW - 轉移
KW - 工作限制
KW - kicking
KW - affordance
KW - dynamical systems
KW - transition
KW - task constraint
M3 - 文章
SP - 93
EP - 110
JO - 臺灣運動心理學報
JF - 臺灣運動心理學報
SN - 1814-5108
IS - 2
ER -