Bronson Alcott教育思想及教育實踐活動之探究

The main purpose of this study is to explore the educational thought and educational practice of the 19th-century American Transcendentalist and educator Bronson Alcott (1799-1888). This study used the historical research method, theoretical analysis, and the method of history of ideas research. As a scholar, Alcott advocated a transcendentalist philosophy, and his educational ideas were also deeply influenced by Pestalozzi, while as an educator he devoted himself to practical teaching activities, and established some innovative schools to realize his educational ideals. He also left behind a large amount of records about his teaching that could provide reference to educators of the time and beyond, and was thus regarded as one of important innovators of modern American education, as well as a pioneer of holistic education and even spiritual education. In regard to research background, the researcher at first analyze the status of American transcendentalism in the development of American philosophy of education, then recount Alcott's lifetime and important educational activities, and expound Alcott's educational philosophy and thought, including educational purpose and essence, teaching methods, moral education, women's education, etc. The researcher argues that Alcott, an educator who combines educational philosophy with educational practice, is a case study worthy of our in-depth study, and can also provide many heuristic viewpoints and inspirations to our educators.