運動團隊差序式領導之研究：運動員親疏歸類模式建構與多層級量化分析

Behavior of leadership, one of the four functions of management, has been researchers’ concern over a long period of time in research of organization and management. Among them, the distinctive style of leadership in Chinese organizations has gradually become one of the major issues all over the world. Recent studies show that leaders in Chinese organizations also have the style of differential leadership, which may promote the effectiveness and efficiency of their in-group subordinates, as well as encouraging the out-group subordinates to show behaviors that meet their expectations. This study is based on the theory of differential leadership behavior, and designed to verify the correlation between athletes’ perception of team identity and team cohesiveness when the Chinese differential leadership behavior is applied to the team hierarchy under the sport scenarios, which is further applied to discuss the effect on team performance. This study recruited 473 Taiwanese college athletes, and collected data through questionnaire surveys. Researchers conducted the confirmatory factor analysis for scales, such as “differential leadership behavior”, “team identity”, “team cohesiveness” and “team performance”, to establish the construct characteristics of the scale structure; descriptive statistics and SPSS-PROCESS are applied to test the hypothesis of this study. Results show that perception of differential leadership for college sport team members may makes a positive and direct impact on team identity. In addition, perception of team identity for college sport team members also makes a positive and direct impact on team performance. Finally, the significant findings from this study make contribution to the specific connotation of the differential leadership behavior which can be applied to the team level under the sport scenarios, and provide summaries and theoretic views which can be used as reference. These findings expand the scope in which the theory of the differential leadership behavior is applied on the team level, and can be provided as specific reference for management practitioners.