生態文化空間與部落韌性建構- 以蘭嶼達悟族為例(2/2)

Indigenous peoples have lived on the frontlines of severe climates for thousands of years, so that have developed adaptive climate actions and resource management methods, as well as have accumulated traditional knowledge system in observation and adaptation to build the tribal resilience. However, because the knowledge system is carried in the Indigenous language, customs and ecological- cultural space and practice, there are few clear written records in the past. Under the integrated research "Indigenous tribal resilience and environmental governance", this research focuses on "resilience theory", "social ecological system" and the "ecological cultural space" of tribal life. Some living space are significant for natural hazard mitigation or tribal resilience, such as sacred groves, sacred spaces, shared sacred commons. This project takes Tao tribe of Orchid Island as an example. As the results, this study found that: (1) Through the interviews on ethnic language place names and disaster prevention memories and experiences, the interviewees all believe that the Tao people are a resilient marine nation, with keen observation and coping experience for typhoons and climate change; (2) The place names in the Indigenous language often hide warnings of dangerous places (falling rocks, collapses, strong winds, strong waves, taboos, etc.) should be restored and marked; (3) Shared sacred spaces (tribal beaches, forests, valleys, etc.) , which is also an important traditional field of cultural rituals, which cannot be disturbed and destroyed; it is also a space rich in "biocultural diversity", and an important ecological foundation and potential for island resilience. (4) Disaster and risk memory in ethnic languages is an important Indigenous science of Tao people and assets; its spatial meaning is worthy of inheritance and further interpretation. Through interviews and ecological and cultural space surveys, this study proves that traditional knowledge and space maintenance are important foundations for building tribal resilience.