局部與遠端缺血預處理對於運動員有氧能力與高強度間歇訓練效益之影響

Purpose: The aim of this study was to examine the effects of local (LIPC) and remote (RIPC) ischemic preconditioning on sprint interval exercise (SIE) performance in athletes. Methods: Fifteen male collegiate basketball players were recruited in this study. After a familiarization trial, participants performed an incremental cycling test and two control (CON) trials. During the following visits, participants performed LIPC, RIPC, or SHAM trial in a randomized crossover design, separated by at least 4 days, before conducting 6 sets of 30-s Wingate-based SIE. The peak (PPO) and mean (MPO) power output, total work, and percentage decrement score during SIE were analyzed. The heart rate and oxygen uptake were continuously measured during SIE. Blood samples for pH and lactate concentrations were drawn before and after treatment, and 5-min after SIE. The muscular oxygenation of right quadriceps during SIE was measured by near-infrared spectroscopy. Results: The PPO (ICC = 0.93-0.98) and MPO (ICC = 0.77-0.91) at each sprint have good to excellent test-retest reliabilities. The total work during SIE in LIPC and RIPC were significantly higher than that in CON (LIPC vs. RIPC vs. SHAM vs. CON, 108.3 ± 8.9 vs. 108.4 ± 6.9 vs. 107.1 ± 8.6 vs. 106.0 ± 8.6 kJ, P < 0.05). The MPO at 3rd and 4th sprint in LIPC (+4.5%) and RIPC (+4.9%) were significantly higher than those in CON (P < 0.05). The percentage decrement scores of MPO in LIPC and RIPC were significantly lower than that in CON (P < 0.05). No significant interaction effect in PPO was found, however, the percentage decrement score of PPO in LIPC was significantly lower than that in CON (P < 0.05). No significant interaction effects in blood pH and lactate concentrations were found. Moreover, there were no significant differences in the accumulated exercise time at ? 80%, 90%, and 100% of maximal oxygen uptake during SIE. No significant differences in muscular deoxygenation were found among conditions. Conclusion: Both LIPC and RIPC could improve metabolic efficiency and total work done during SIE, and attenuate the declines in power outputs during SIE.