專業學習社群比較研究：分散式領導取徑

This study aims to investigate the PLC constructs and the present status of PLC practices in a globalized context through an inter-cultural perspective. Through international collaborative research carried out by online video meeting and the Global PLC website as platform, the research team reviewed global PLC literature, redefined PLC and its characteristics and shared research findings. The research team has developed a conceptual framework of PLC of six constructs, on which the interview guideline were based. Criteria has been set up for selecting two schools of PLC in five various educational contexts -- the U.S., Hong Kong, Singapore, Australia, and Taiwan. Based on the findings, cases of PLC development analyzed, shared factors of PLC operation identified, the international model of PLC development illustrated. The two-year study of PLC practices in two high schools in Taiwan showed that national and school context mattered. The five features of PLC structure and practices of two cases displayed the variance within and across schools. The school leaders and administrative teams could play facilitating roles to initiate, assist, and empower PLCs. The reform policies could work out as a supporting guidelines for teachers to galvanize resources and justify their collective endeavors. The routine structure might hinder innovative action but could work out to be a window for coordination of PLC practices. Professional beliefs, identities, commitment, and self/collective efficacy could enhance PLC practices in face with challenges either from colleagues or parents. Learning capacity of PLC teams could also predict the persistence of PLC practice and empowerment of reciprocal relationship. Sense of community evolved as the team members built the bonding and collective identity of the group. The family-like affection could connect individuals with strong support. The two cases study of PLC team, by employing framework of global PLC, explained the five features of PLC structure and practices. The work of individual country shares our understanding of contextually based PLCs. The findings will be presented during a conference in ICSEI, Indonesia, 2013.