子計畫二：研發量子科學應用於國際質量標準單位之中學雙語探究實作模組

Due to emerging of quantum technologies, the establishment of quantum metrology standards impacts the precision and accuracy of quantum technology. Therefore, the General Conference on Weights and Measures (Conference generale des poids et mesures, referred to as CGPM) revised and adopted a new definition of fundamental international standard (SI) units in 2019, and thereby developed new standards of weights and measures. The new definition of the fundamental SI units is completely based on the numerical values ??(including significant digits) of fundamental physical constants, replacing the original partially operational definition. The definitions of mass, temperature, current and mole number have been changed, respectively. The fundamental physical constants such as Plank constant (h), Boltzmann constant (k), elementary charge (e), and Avogadro constant (NA) are applied as the definition and the standard for calibration. Therefore, the Central Bureau of Standards of each country does not need to have a replica of the artifact (such as an artificial kilogram prototype) from the International Bureau of Weights and Measures (Bureau International des Poids et Mesures, referred to as BIPM) for calibration. Instead, it can use existing detection technology Directly achieves the correction of weights and measures standards. In the calibration methods of standard mass, Kibble balance (also known as Watt balance) uses two measurement methods, static mode and dynamic mode, to compare the mechanical power with electromagnetic power to determine the value of Planck's constant. This method can be easily adopted in teaching and demonstration. Therefore, this project uses commercially available industrial components and maker tools to develop a desktop Kibble balance module for inquiry and practice in quantum science courses in high schools and universities. This module has both demonstration and practical functions and is easy to carry. This experimental module also includes equal-arm balance and non-equal-arm balance modes. In the equal-arm balance mode, the accuracy of measuring Planck's constant is 5% for the mass range within 10 g. We also developed and composed the bilingual teaching materials suitable for high school inquiry and practical course. The text includes a brief introduction to quantum science, the theory of Kibble balances, the determination of Planck's constant, as well as experimental modules description and experiment assignments. It also provides inquiry questions and reference materials, which enables high school teachers and students to learn further in quantum science, SI fundamental units and mass calibration techniques. The analysis of pre- and post-course tests for the high school experimental micro-course showed that after 3 hours of teaching and practice, more than 80% of the students could understand the SI basic units and mass calibration technology.